N'ebe a na-emepụta ogbako nke casing smartphone, akpụkpọ ụgbọ elu, na mgbidi ákwà mgbochi na-ewu ụlọ, enyo dị nroaluminom efereenwere ike gbanwee ka ọ bụrụ "akpụkpọ ahụ mara mma" nke na-eguzogide mkpịsị aka mkpịsị aka, na-eguzogide ọgwụ, na ọbụna na-agbanwe agbanwe mgbe emechara nhazi ihe omimi. Nke a bụ anwansi nke teknụzụ ọgwụgwọ elu aluminom - site n'ụzọ anụ ahụ, kemịkalụ, ma ọ bụ usoro ndu, a na-arụ “ihe agha dị iche iche” na-arụ ọrụ n'elu aluminom, na-ekwe ka ọla nkịtị na-enwupụta ike pụrụ iche.
Kedu ihe kpatara ọgwụgwọ elu dị mkpa?
Ọ bụ ezie na a maara aluminom dị ka "ígwè nke na-adịghị nchara", àgwà okike ya nwere mmejọ atọ bụ isi:
Nrụrụ dị mfe: Na gburugburu iru mmiri, aluminom na-emeghachi omume na ikuku oxygen iji mepụta oyi akwa mkpuchi aluminum oxide, mana gburugburu acidic ma ọ bụ alkaline nwere ike imebi ihe mgbochi okike a.
Nguzogide na-adịghị mma: Aluminom dị ọcha nwere ike nke naanị HV15-20 (igwe nwere HV40-60), na ncha na-adịkarị mfe ime n'oge esemokwu kwa ụbọchị.
Mkpebi aesthetic: Igwe aluminom na-adịghị agwọ ọrịa na-agwụ ike na enweghị ọkụ, na-eme ka o sie ike izute ihe ndị chọrọ imewe dị elu.
Nkà na ụzụ ọgwụgwọ elu bụ iji dozie okwu ndị a site n'ịme mkpuchi na-arụ ọrụ nke 0.1-500 μm n'elu aluminom, na-enye ya àgwà ndị dị ka nguzogide corrosion, iyi mkpuchi na ịchọ mma. Ihe karịrị nde tọn 200 nke aluminom na-enweta ọgwụgwọ elu n'ụwa niile kwa afọ, na-emepụta uru mmepụta ihe karịrị ijeri dollar 300.
Nyocha zuru oke nke teknụzụ ọgwụgwọ elu elu
Anodizing: Electrolysis anwansi na-emepụta 'agha'
Ụkpụrụ: Na-emikpu ihe aluminom na sulfuric acid electrolyte ma mepụta 10-200 μm alumina seramiiki oyi akwa n'elu mgbe emechara ya.
Ihe ngosi nka
Ịmepụta ihe owuwu ụlọ mmanụ aṅụ na-esighị ike ruo HV300 (gbagoro ugboro 15)
Enwere ike esiji ya na agba 200 (dị ka gradient blue maka iPhone).
Nguzogide corrosion nnu nnu ruo awa 2000 (efere aluminom nkịtị naanị awa 500).
Ngwa ngwa
Aerospace: Boeing 787 fuselage akpụkpọ anodized ọgwụgwọ na-eme ka mgbochi ịka nká UV dịkwuo ugboro atọ.
Mgbidi mgbidi ụlọ: Alucobond composite panel anodized film ọkpụrụkpụ nke 50 μm, na ndụ nke ihe karịrị afọ 50.
Electroplating: Cross ókè Mgbakwunye nke metal mkpuchi
Ụkpụrụ: Site na ntinye nke electrochemical, nickel, chromium, tin na metal ndị ọzọ na-ekpuchi n'elu aluminum.
Mmepụta ọhụrụ:
Nanoelectroplating: Japan na-emepụta mkpuchi dị nro nwere oke nke naanị 1 μm iji nọgide na-enwe uru nke mkpụrụ osisi dị fechaa.
Ngwakọta electroplating: Ịgbakwunye ahụ diamond na ngwọta plating iji mee ka ike sie ike na HV1000.
Mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi: Cyanide free electroplating Usoro na-ebelata ihe ọkụkụ dị arọ site na 90%.
Ngwa ndapụta
Akụrụngwa akpaaka: tray batrị Tesla nwere oyi akwa nickel, nke nwere ike iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu ruo 800 ℃.
Ngwaahịa eletrọnịkị: MacBook shei kpuchie ya na akwa ọla kọpa, conductivity thermal emelitere site na 40%.
Micro arc oxidation (MAO): “ọkụ atomic” maka mkpuchi seramiiki
Ụkpụrụ teknụzụ: N'okpuru nnukwu ọkụ eletrik, a na-emepụta mgbapụta plasma n'elu aluminom, na-eme akwa seramiiki 10-200 μm.
Uru arụmọrụ:
Nguzogide iyi: Ọnụego eyi dị ala dị ka 5 × 10 ⁻⁷ mm ³/N · m (1/5 nke anodizing).
Ịrụ ọrụ mkpuchi: voltaji mmebi ruo 2000V / mm (ugboro 10 nke ígwè).
Biocompatibility: akwadoro ahụike maka iji n'ịkụnye nkwonkwo artificial.
Ngwa ihu ihu:
Ngwá ọrụ ahụike: Germany B Braun ngwá ọrụ ịwa ahụ na-ekpuchi MAO n'elu, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ nje bacteria nke 99.9%.
Ihe mkpuchi ụgbọ elu: NASA mepụtara Al ₂ O∝ - TiO₂ seramiiki mejupụtara oyi akwa, okpomọkụ na-eguzogide 2000 ℃.
Ihe nkiri ntụgharị kemịkalụ: "ọta na-adịghị ahụ anya" maka nrụpụta akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ
Nkà na ụzụ atụmatụ: Ọ dịghị mkpa maka ọkụ eletrik, mepụta ihe nkiri nchebe na ngwọta okpomọkụ nke ụlọ.
Usoro a na-ahụkarị:
Ntughari chromate: Nguzogide corrosion kacha mma, mana chromium hexavalent bụ carcinogenic (Ndị European Union machiri ya).
Ntughari phosphate chromate: ihe ngwọta ọzọ na-enweghị chromium na enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi, etinyere n'ụzọ zuru ezu na ahịrị mmepụta nke Ford.
Ọgwụgwọ Silane: Iji mkpụrụ irighiri organosilane dochie nnu ígwè na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu site na 70%.
Mgbanwe teknụzụ ọhụrụ na-emebi emebi
Ihe mkpuchi Nano: nchebe ziri ezi larịị molekul
Ihe mkpuchi "biomimetic lotus leaf effect" nke Mahadum Harvard mepụtara nwere akụkụ kọntaktị nke ogo 160 na ụmụ irighiri mmiri na-apụ na-akpaghị aka.BASF nanoceramic mkpuchi si Germany, nke nwere oke nke 200nm, nwere ike iguzogide mmetụta ájá na gravel.
Ihe mkpuchi ọgwụgwọ onwe: "mmeghachite onwe ya" nke ihe
Kansai Coatings na Japan ewepụtala sistemu microcapsule na-agwọ onwe ya nke na-ahapụ ndị ọrụ ndozi na saịtị ọkọchị, na-enye ohere maka mweghachi awa 24.
Hefei Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ewepụtala mkpuchi na-anabata okpomọkụ nke na-arụzi ozugbo mgbe ikpughe ọkụ.
Ihe mkpuchi na-agbanwe agba nwere ọgụgụ isi: elu nke nwere ike 'iche'
Iko Gentex electrochromic sitere na Israel, nke ejiri voltaji gbanwee ọkụ ọkụ (1% -80%)
Teknụzụ ink elektrọnik Merck sitere na Jamanị na-enweta mgbanwe dị ike nke usoro elu na efere aluminom.
Panorama ngwa ụlọ ọrụ
Igwe eletrọnịkị ndị ahịa: ihe ngosi nka nke ọma
Okpokoro nke usoro Huawei Mate na-anabata mkpuchi micro arc oxidation + PVD, na ọkpụrụkpụ nke naanị 0.6mm.Igwe ọkụ Samsung Galaxy S24 Ultra na-eji ihe nkiri carbon dị ka diamond (DLC) nwere ike nke HV900.
Ụgbọ ala ume ọhụrụ: ịhazi nha dị fechaa na nchekwa
Batrị agụba BYD na-anakwere mkpuchi anodizing + epoxy resin, ọkwa ire ọkụ UL94 V-0
A na-eji silane seramiiki kpuchie ihe agha BMW iX chassis, nke na-ebelata ibu site na 30% ma na-eguzogide mmetụta.
Mgbidi ákwà mgbochi ihe owuwu: Ngosipụta nkà na ụzụ nke ịchọ mma obodo
A na-ekpuchi mgbidi dị n'èzí nke Burj Khalifa na Dubai na fluorocarbon, na-eguzogide ihu igwe ruo afọ 50.
Okpueze ụlọ elu nke Shanghai center Building na-eji fotocatalysis na-ehichapụ ihe mkpuchi onwe ya iji wepụ uzuzu mgbe mmiri ozuzo gasịrị.
Ọdịnihu na ihe ịma aka
Mgbanwe Nrụpụta Green
Ihe ngbanwe nke biobased: iji mpụta ihe ọkụkụ dochie kemịkalụ ọdịnala
Ọgwụgwọ plasma dị ala: oriri ike belatara site na 50%, enweghị mwepu mmiri mkpofu.
Multi ọrụ mwekota
Nnyocha na mmepe nke superhydrophobic, antibacterial, na conductive atọ n'ime otu mkpuchi
Mkpuchi eletrọnịkị nwere ike ịgbatị: na-edobe conductivity ọbụna na-agbatị ọnụego 300%.
Nzụlite ọgụgụ isi
Ihe mkpuchi agbakwunyere sensọ: nleba anya n'ezie maka ọnọdụ ahụike ihe.
Mkpuchi agba na-anabata ọkụ: na-edozi omimi agba na-akpaghị aka dịka ike UV siri dị.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-09-2025