Kedu ihe bụ Aluminom Alloy?
Aluminom alloy bụ ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ ebe a na-agbakwunye ihe ndị ọzọ na aluminom dị ọcha iji kwalite njirimara ya, bụ isi iji bulie ike ya. Ihe ndị ọzọ a gụnyere ígwè, silicon, ọla kọpa, magnesium, manganese na zinc na ọkwa nke jikọtara nwere ike ime ihe ruru pasenti 15 nke alloy site n'ịdị arọ. A na-ekenye alloy ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ anọ, nke ọnụọgụ nke mbụ na-achọpụta otu klas izugbe, ma ọ bụ usoro, nke ejiri ihe ndị bụ isi na-ekekọta ya mara.
Aluminom dị ọcha
Usoro 1xxx
Usoro alloys 1xxx nwere aluminom 99 pasent ma ọ bụ ịdị ọcha ka elu. Usoro ihe omume a nwere ezigbo nguzogide corrosion, arụmọrụ dị mma, yana oke ọkụ na ọkụ eletrik. Nke a bụ ya mere a na-ejikarị usoro 1xxx maka nnyefe, ma ọ bụ grid ike, ahịrị. Nhazi alloy ndị a na-ahụkarị na usoro a bụ 1350, maka ngwa eletriki, yana 1100, maka trays nkwakọ ngwaahịa nri.
Alloys a na-agwọ ọkụ
A na-eme ka ụfọdụ alloys sikwuo ike site na ọgwụgwọ ikpo ọkụ na-emenyụ, ma ọ bụ ngwa ngwa jụrụ oyi. Ngwọta ikpo ọkụ na-ewere ígwè siri ike, alloyed ma kpoo ya ruo otu ebe. A na-ekesa ihe ndị ahụ alloy, nke a na-akpọ solute, n'otu aka ahụ na aluminom na-etinye ha na ngwọta siri ike. A na-emenyụ ọla ahụ, ma ọ bụ mee ka ọ dị jụụ ngwa ngwa, nke na-eme ka atom solute dị n'ebe. N'ihi ya, atom solute na-ejikọta n'ime mkpọmkpọ ebe ekesa nke ọma. Nke a na-eme na ụlọ okpomọkụ nke a na-akpọ ịka nká nke okike ma ọ bụ na ọrụ ọkụ ọkụ dị ala nke a na-akpọ ịka nká.
Usoro 2xxx
N'ime usoro 2xxx, a na-eji ọla kọpa mee ihe dị ka ụkpụrụ alloying element na enwere ike wusie ike nke ukwuu site na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ. Alloys ndị a nwere ezigbo ngwakọta nke ike dị elu na ike siri ike, mana enweghị ọkwa nke nguzogide corrosion ikuku dị ka ọtụtụ alloys aluminum ndị ọzọ. Ya mere, a na-esekarị alloys ndị a ma ọ bụ kpuchie maka ihe ngosi ndị dị otú ahụ. A na-ejikarị alloy dị ọcha ma ọ bụ usoro 6xxx kpuchie ha iji guzogide corrosion nke ukwuu. Alloy 2024 eleghị anya, ndị kasị ebe niile mara ụgbọ elu alloy.
Usoro 6xxx
Usoro 6xxx dị iche iche, enwere ike ịgwọta okpomọkụ, nke nwere ike ime nke ọma, weldable ma nwee ike dị oke oke yana yana nguzogide corrosion dị mma. Alloys na usoro a nwere silicon na magnesium iji mepụta magnesium silicide n'ime alloy. Ngwaahịa extrusion sitere na usoro 6xxx bụ nhọrọ mbụ maka ngwa ụlọ na nhazi. Alloy 6061 bụ ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'usoro a ma na-ejikarị ya na gwongworo na okpokolo agba mmiri. Na mgbakwunye, e mere ụfọdụ akpa ekwentị site na 6xxx series alloy.
Usoro 7xxx
Zinc bụ isi ihe na-emepụta ihe maka usoro isiokwu a, ma mgbe a na-agbakwunye magnesium n'ime obere ego, ihe si na ya pụta bụ ikpo ọkụ na-edozi ahụ, na-eme ka ike dị elu. Ihe ndị ọzọ dị ka ọla kọpa na chromium nwekwara ike ịtinye na obere nha. Alloy ndị a kacha mara amara bụ 7050 na 7075, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu.
Alloys anaghị agwọ ọrịa ọkụ
A na-eme ka alloys ndị na-adịghị ekpo ọkụ na-esiwanye ike site na ịrụ ọrụ oyi. Arụ ọrụ oyi na-eme n'oge a na-atụgharị ma ọ bụ na-akpụgharị ụzọ na ọ bụ omume nke "ịrụ ọrụ" ígwè iji mee ka ọ dịkwuo ike. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe ị na-atụgharị aluminom ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị nro, ọ na-esiwanye ike. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ịrụ ọrụ oyi na-ewulite nkwụsịtụ na ohere na nhazi ahụ, nke na-egbochi mmegharị nke atọm n'akụkụ ibe ha. Nke a na-abawanye ike nke ígwè. Ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe dị ka magnesium na-eme ka mmetụta a dịkwuo ike, na-ebute ọbụna ike dị elu.
Usoro 3xxx
Manganese bụ isi ihe na-ekekọta ihe n'usoro isiokwu a, na-enwekarị nnukwu magnesium agbakwunyere. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ nanị pasent ole manganese nwere ike ịgbakwunye nke ọma na aluminum. 3003 bụ alloy na-ewu ewu maka ebumnuche izugbe n'ihi na ọ nwere ike na-agafeghị oke yana arụ ọrụ dị mma yana enwere ike iji ya na ngwa dịka ndị na-agbanwe ọkụ na arịa nri. Alloy 3004 na mgbanwe ya na-eji na ozu nke aluminom iko.
Usoro 4xxx
A na-ejikọta 4xxx usoro alloys na silicon, nke a ga-agbakwunye na oke zuru ezu iji wedata ebe mgbaze nke aluminom, na-enweghị amịpụta brittleness. N'ihi nke a, usoro 4xxx na-emepụta waya ịgbado ọkụ dị mma na brazing alloys ebe achọrọ ebe mgbaze dị ala. Alloy 4043 bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị na-ejuputa ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ịgbado ọkụ usoro 6xxx maka ngwa nhazi na ụgbọ ala.
Usoro 5xxx
Magnesium bụ onye na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na usoro 5xxx ma bụrụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kachasị dị irè na nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka aluminum. Alloys na nsonso a nwere agafeghị oke na elu ike e ji mara, nakwa dị ka ezi weldability na iguzogide corrosion na mmiri gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ihi nke a, a na-eji aluminom-magnesium alloys eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ime ụlọ na ihe owuwu, tankị nchekwa, arịa nrụgide na ngwa mmiri. Ihe atụ nke ngwa alloy ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere: 5052 na ngwa elektrọn, 5083 na ngwa mmiri, mpempe akwụkwọ 5005 anodized maka ngwa ụkpụrụ ụlọ na 5182 na-eme ka ihe ọṅụṅụ aluminom nwere ike kpuchie.
